Spinal Fusion
Spinal fusion, also known as spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgical technique used to join two or more vertebrae.
Supplementary bone tissue, either from the patient (autograft) or a donor (allograft), is used in conjunction with the body's natural bone growth (osteoblastic) processes to fuse the vertebrae.
Fusing of the spine is used primarily to eliminate the pain caused by abnormal motion of the vertebrae by immobilizing the faulty vertebrae themselves, which is usually caused by degenerative conditions. However, spinal fusion is also the preferred way to treat most spinal deformities, specifically scoliosis and kyphosis.
Spinal fusion is done most commonly in the lumbar region of the spine, but it is also used to treat cervical and thoracic problems. The indications for lumbar spinal fusion are controversial. People rarely have problems with the thoracic spine because there is little normal motion in the thoracic spine. Spinal fusion in the thoracic region is most often associated with spinal deformies, such as scoliosis and kyphosis.
Patients requiring spinal fusion have either neurological deficits or severe pain which has not responded to conservative treatment.
Conditions where spinal fusion may be considered:
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spinal disc herniation
- Discogenic pain
- Spinal tumor
- Vertebral fracture
- Scoliosis
- Kyphosis (i.e, Scheuermann's disease)
- Spondylolisthesis
- Spondylosis
- Posterior Rami Syndrome
- Other degenerative spinal conditions
- Any condition that causes instability of the spine.
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